双语｜俄罗斯总统普京接受新华社专访
▲ 2024年5月15日，北京，国务委员谌贻琴在机场迎接俄罗斯总统普京。（图源：视觉中国）
On the eve of his two-day state visit to China, which starts on Thursday, Russian President Vladimir Putin took a written interview with Xinhua.
俄罗斯总统普京日前接受了新华社的书面专访。
The following is the full text of the interview.
以下为专访全文：
Question: In March 2023, President Xi Jinping chose Russia as a destination for his first foreign visit after his re-election as President of the People's Republic of China. This year, upon your re-election as President of the Russian Federation, you, in turn, have chosen China for your first foreign visit. We have noted that over the last decade or so, President Xi Jinping and you have met more than 40 times in various bilateral and multilateral settings. This year marks the 75th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and Russia. What is your assessment of your contacts with Chinese President Xi Jinping? What do you expect from your upcoming visit to China? What is your forecast for the further development of Russia-China relations?
问：去年3月，习近平主席再次当选中国国家主席后，首次出访选择了俄罗斯。今年，您再次当选俄罗斯总统后，选择中国作为首次出访目的地。我们注意到，这十多年来，习近平主席与您在双边和多边场合会晤超过40次。今年是中俄建交75周年。请问您如何评价与习近平主席的交往？您对此次访华有何期待？对中俄关系发展的前景有何展望？
Answer: I am pleased to be able to address the multimillion audience of Xinhua, one of the world's leading and most trusted news agencies and share my vision of the future Russia-China partnership. I would like to highlight that it has always relied on the principles of equality and trust, mutual respect for the sovereignty and consideration of each other's interests. A special and prominent role in the development of our relations has belonged to wise and shrewd politicians and state leaders, such as Xi Jinping, President of the People's Republic of China.
答：新华社是世界主要通讯社，也是最权威的世界性通讯社之一。我很高兴有机会面向新华社千百万受众，分享我对俄中伙伴关系发展前景的看法。我想强调的是，俄中伙伴关系始终建立在平等互信、相互尊重主权、考虑彼此利益的原则基础之上，中华人民共和国主席习近平这样睿智、有远见的政治家和国务活动家，则对两国关系发展发挥着举足轻重的独特作用。
We first met back in March 2010, and we have been seeing and calling each other regularly ever since. President Xi maintains a respectful, friendly, open and at the same time business-like style of communication. Our every meeting is not just a dialogue between old friends, which is important, too, just like for everyone, - but also a fruitful exchange of views on the most topical issues on the bilateral and international agenda.
我与习近平主席初次相识于2010年3月，从那时起，我们就经常会面和通话。他在沟通中展现出谦逊友好、坦诚务实的作风。我们的每次会面不仅是老朋友之间的交流，这一点对每个人来说也很重要，而且还会就双边和国际议程中最紧迫的问题富有成效地交换意见。
I have fond memories of the state visit of President Xi Jinping to Russia in March 2023, immediately after his re-election as President of the PRC. Just like in 2013, our country was the first one he visited as head of China. We had more than five hours of a face-to-face conversation, and the next day we followed an extensive and substantive official schedule.
我愉快地记起，去年3月，习近平主席再次当选中华人民共和国主席后，首次出访便是对俄罗斯进行国事访问。2013年，他作为中国国家元首，也曾把俄罗斯作为首访国。（去年访问首日）我们一起度过了近5个小时，举行了一对一深谈，第二天又参加了内容丰富的正式活动。
This unprecedented level of strategic partnership between our countries determined my choice of China as the first state to be visited after the official inauguration as the president of the Russian Federation.
正是两国战略伙伴关系前所未有的高水平，让我决定选择中国作为我正式就任俄罗斯联邦总统后第一个出访的国家。
I have emphasized on many occasions that our peoples are bound by a long and strong tradition of friendship and cooperation. That is one of the most important pillars of bilateral relations. During World War II, Soviet and Chinese soldiers stood up together against Japanese militarism. We remember and value the contribution of the Chinese people to the common Victory. It was China that held back major forces of Japanese militarists, making it possible for the Soviet Union to focus on defeating Nazism in Europe. And, of course, we are grateful to our Chinese friends for their careful attitude to war memorials, to the memory of Soviet citizens who had fought for the liberation of China and supported the revolutionary struggle of the Chinese people, their righteous fight against the invaders. Today, Russia-China relations have reached the highest level ever, and despite the difficult global situation continue to get stronger.
我多次指出，我们两国人民有着悠久而深厚的友谊传统和合作传统，这也是双边关系最重要的基础之一。第二次世界大战期间，苏联和中国军人并肩作战，抗击日本军国主义。我们铭记并高度评价中国人民为取得共同胜利所作出的贡献。正是中国牵制了日本军国主义者的庞大兵力，从而使苏联能够集中力量粉碎欧洲的纳粹主义。当然，我们还要感谢中国朋友爱护苏军纪念设施，纪念那些曾为解放中国而战、为中国人民进行革命斗争和抗击侵略者正义斗争提供帮助的苏联公民。今天，俄中关系已达到历史最高水平，即使面对严峻的国际形势，两国关系仍在持续加强。
This year is special for our countries. October 1 marks the 75th anniversary of the establishment of the People's Republic of China. The country is approaching this significant historical date with outstanding achievements, which we welcome as old, reliable and time-tested friends.
今年对于两国而言是特殊的一年。10月1日是中华人民共和国成立75周年纪念日。中国正以卓越的成就迎接这一重要的历史时刻。作为久经考验的可靠朋友，我们对中国取得的成就同样感到高兴。
The USSR was the first to recognize the PRC on the second day of its existence. So in early October, we will also celebrate the 75th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations.
中华人民共和国成立次日，便得到了苏联的率先承认。因此，我们将在10月初庆祝两国建交75周年。
Over the three quarters of a century, our countries have travelled a long and at times difficult way. We have learnt well the lessons of the history of our relationship at different stages of their development. Today, we know that the synergy of complementary strengths provides a powerful impetus for rapid comprehensive development.
四分之三个世纪以来，我们两国走过了一条漫长且时而曲折的道路，我们充分汲取了两国关系不同发展阶段的历史经验。今天我们认识到，优势互补正在为两国关系全面迅猛发展注入强大动力。
It is important that Russia-China ties as they are today, are free from the influence of either ideology or political trends. Their multidimensional development is an informed strategic choice based on the wide convergence of core national interests, profound mutual trust, strong public support and sincere friendship between the peoples of the two countries. I am talking about our joint efforts to strengthen the sovereignty, protect the territorial integrity and security of our countries. In a broader sense, we are working to contribute to the development and prosperity of Russia and China by enhancing equal, mutually beneficial economic and humanitarian cooperation, and strengthen foreign policy coordination in the interests of building a just multipolar world order. All this is the key to a future success of our comprehensive strategic partnership of coordination for the new era.
重要的是，当代俄中关系独立于意识形态和政治局势之外。双边关系的多层次发展是自觉的战略选择，这种选择基于两国广泛契合的根本利益、深入的互信、强大的民意支持和两国人民真挚的友谊。我们共同努力维护主权、捍卫领土完整和安全。从更广泛的意义上说，我们通过扩大经济和人文领域的平等互利合作，促进俄中两国的繁荣发展；我们通过加强外交政策协调，推动构建公平的多极世界秩序。这些都决定了我们新时代全面战略协作伙伴关系的美好未来。
Question: Today, practical trade and economic cooperation between China and Russia is constantly developing. Last year, the US$200 billion trade turnover target you had set together with Chinese President Xi Jinping was surpassed ahead of schedule. In your opinion, what are the new specific features and growth points of practical trade and economic cooperation between China and Russia? In which areas Chinese-Russian trade and economic cooperation is likely to achieve even greater breakthroughs in future?
问：当前，中俄两国经贸务实合作不断发展。去年，两国提前超额完成了习近平主席与您共同确立的2000亿美元贸易目标。您认为，当前中俄经贸务实合作有哪些新特点和新亮点？未来，中俄经贸合作还将在哪些方面取得更大的突破？
Answer: Trade and economic relations between our countries are developing at a fast pace, showing strong immunity to external challenges and crises. Over the past five years, we have doubled the Russia-China turnover: it reached US$227.8 billion last year, against US$111 billion in 2019. More than 90% of settlements between our companies are made in national currencies. So it would be more accurate to say that bilateral trade currently totals about 20 trillion rubles, or nearly 1.6 trillion yuan. China has remained our key business partner for 13 years, and in 2023, Russia ranked 4th among the PRC's major trading partners.
答：俄中经贸关系发展迅猛，展现出对外部挑战与危机的持续应对能力。近5年，两国贸易额翻了一番。2019年两国贸易额为1110亿美元，去年已达到2278亿美元，而且两国公司间超90%的结算以本国货币进行。因此，更准确的说法应该是，目前双边贸易额约为20万亿卢布，或者近1.6万亿元人民币。中国已连续13年稳居俄罗斯最大贸易伙伴国地位，而俄罗斯在2023年中国贸易伙伴国的排名升至第4位。
Our countries have made an informed choice in favour of equal and mutually beneficial economic ties a long time ago. We are systematically and consistently developing strategic cooperation in the energy sector, working on new large-scale energy projects. Supplies of Russian agricultural produce to the Chinese market are showing positive dynamics; investment and production initiatives are implemented, and transport and logistics corridors between our countries are smoothly functioning and expanding. Given global turbulence and economic issues in the West, such results prove yet again the strategic wisdom of our sovereign course and pursuit of national interests.
俄中两国早就作出了发展平等互利经济合作的自主选择。我们正在持续、系统地开展能源领域的战略合作，一些新的大项目正在展开。俄罗斯向中国市场供应农产品的势头良好，投资和生产领域的倡议正在落实，两国间运输和物流走廊正稳步运行并不断壮大。在全球动荡和西方经济混乱的背景下，这些成果再次证明，坚持主权方针，遵循国家利益，这是我们正确的战略选择。
As for our plans, we will try to establish closer cooperation in industry and high-tech, outer space and peaceful atom, artificial intelligence, renewable energy and other innovative sectors. We will keep working to provide favourable legal and organizational conditions for that and develop transport and financial infrastructure. I believe that Russian-Chinese economic ties have great prospects.
至于我们的规划，双方将努力在工业和高科技、太空与和平利用核能、人工智能、可再生能源和其他创新领域开展更密切的协作。当然，我们也将继续为此创造良好的法律和组织条件，发展交通运输和金融基础设施。我对俄中经济关系的宏伟前景充满信心。
Question: The friendship between China and Russia goes on for generations, and the cultures of the two countries are deeply intertwined. This year and next year, in line with the agreements reached between you and President Xi Jinping, the China-Russia Years of Culture will be held. What is the role of cultural exchanges in expanding cooperation and friendship between our countries, as you see it? What is your personal perception of Chinese culture and what is your experience of it?
问：中俄友好世代传承，两国文化深入交融。今明两年是习近平主席与您共同确定的中俄文化年。在您看来，文化交流对深化中俄两国合作和友谊发挥着怎样的作用？您个人对中国文化有何理解和体会？
Answer: I have said more than once and will say again: Russia and China have been inextricably linked for centuries, both by an extensive common border and by close cultural and people-to-people ties. In the distant past, only rare tidings of China reached our country with merchants. Later on, the first embassies appeared, and the Russian Ecclesiastical Mission, which made a truly invaluable contribution to the collection and systematization of knowledge about China, was organized in Beijing. The 19th century saw the first students of the Chinese language in Russia, followed by the first university departments as well as the first attempts at compiling dictionaries.
答：我多次说过，今天再次重申：俄中两国世代紧密相连，不仅仅是其拥有漫长的共同边界，还有密切的文化联系和人员往来。在遥远的过去，对于中国的零散认知是通过商人传入俄罗斯的。随后出现了最早的使馆，在北京组织起了俄罗斯宗教使团，后者对有关中国知识的收集整理作出了弥足珍贵的贡献。从19世纪起，汉语研究在俄罗斯兴起，随后俄罗斯大学出现了汉语教研室，开展词典编纂工作。
During the reign of Catherine the Great, Chinese art came into fashion. For example, the interiors of the Chinese Room of the Catherine Palace, the Empress's private chambers, were richly decorated with lacquer panels from China. Unfortunately, the interior was completely destroyed during the Great Patriotic War, but restoration is underway involving specialists from China.
在叶卡捷琳娜二世统治时期，中国艺术成为时尚。女皇的私人居所叶卡捷琳娜宫中国厅，大量使用了中国的漆板装饰。遗憾的是，这些内饰在卫国战争期间遭到损毁，但现在正在中国专家帮助下进行修复。
Today, Chinese culture and art are also of great interest to the Russian public. There are about 90,000 students and schoolchildren who study Chinese in our country. Tours of Chinese performing companies and exhibitions featuring Chinese artists are always a great success. Since the quarantine restrictions were removed, the tourist flow has been growing dynamically. Last year, more than 730,000 Russians visited the PRC.
今天的俄罗斯社会对中国文化艺术的兴趣也很高。目前俄罗斯约有9万名大中小学生学习中文。中国艺术家参与的创作团体巡演和展览总能收获巨大成功。随着检疫限制的取消，游客流量持续猛增。去年超过73万俄罗斯公民到访中国。
I know that people in China are also keen to get acquainted with Russian literature, art and traditions. Our eminent theatre groups and musicians regularly perform in China, museums organize their exhibitions, and Russian films are run in cinemas. We are most willing to introduce our Chinese friends to historical, artistic and cultural heritage of multi-ethnic Russia in all its diversity.
我知道，中国人民也渴望更近距离了解俄罗斯文学、艺术和传统。我们出色的剧团和音乐家定期在中国演出，博物馆举办各式展览，俄罗斯电影在各大影院上映。我们非常乐意继续向中国朋友展示多民族俄罗斯丰富多彩的历史、创造和文化遗产。
To this end, President of China Xi Jinping and I decided to declare 2024 and 2025 cross years of culture between Russia and China, so as to implement this large-scale project in conjunction with the celebration of the 75th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between our countries. We expect the program of activities to be vibrant and abundant. A number of major events have already taken place. For example, in Moscow, for the first time, broad New Year celebrations were held according to the lunar calendar, while in Beijing and Xi'an, Chinese citizens got an opportunity to learn about the tradition of our holiday Maslenitsa at the Farewell to the Russian Winter festival.
正因如此，我和习近平主席将2024年和2025年定为俄中文化年。这一大型项目正值两国建交75周年之际，活动安排多姿多彩。一系列重大活动已经举办，如莫斯科首次大规模庆祝中国农历新年；北京和西安举行了俄罗斯“送冬节”活动，中国民众能够了解俄罗斯传统节日习俗。
Russia, just like China, firmly relies on the principles of multiculturalism, advocates the equality of cultures and the preservation of national identity. These and other important issues were in the focus of the 2023 St. Petersburg International Cultural Forum. A representative Chinese delegation most actively participated in the Forum. The free discussions held at the Forum are particularly important at this time, as they contribute to building a respectful dialogue between civilizations.
俄罗斯同中国一样，坚定奉行文化多样性原则，主张不同文化平等，主张保护民族特性。诸如此类的重要问题是2023年圣彼得堡国际文化论坛关注的焦点。中国代表团积极参与了本届论坛。论坛上的自由讨论在当前尤为重要，因为它们有助于不同文明之间开展相互尊重的对话。
We intend to promote new formats of interaction, such as the Intervision International Popular Song Contest. China is the key partner in this project, which aims to spread and popularize national song schools.
我们打算推出一些新的活动，其中包括国际流行歌曲大赛“国际歌唱大赛”。中国是该项目的重要合作伙伴，该项目旨在推广和普及民族歌曲流派。
As for my personal attitude to Chinese culture, I would like to emphasize that I am always eager to discover China's unique and authentic traditions, especially during my visits to the PRC. I know quite a bit about your martial arts, including Wushu, which is very popular in our country. I also have respect for Chinese philosophy. My family members are also interested in China, and some of them are learning Chinese.
说到我个人对中国文化的看法，我想指出的是，我总是对进一步探索独一无二、别具一格的中国传统抱有浓厚兴趣，尤其是在我访华期间。我对中国武术了解不少，武术在俄罗斯非常流行。我对中国哲学充满敬意。我的家人也对中国很着迷，其中一些人正在学习中文。
Question: This year, Russia has assumed the BRICS Chairmanship, and the current year is also the first year of "greater BRICS cooperation." Please tell us about Russia's priorities and plan of events as the BRICS Chair. What is to be done to facilitate harmonious integration of new members into the BRICS cooperation mechanism? How do you see the role of the BRICS mechanism in the global arena? What could be done to make "greater BRICS cooperation" even more fruitful?
问：俄罗斯今年担任金砖国家轮值主席国，今年也是“大金砖合作”开局之年。请介绍俄方担任金砖国家轮值主席国的工作重点和计划，以及怎么促进新成员和谐融入金砖国家合作机制中来？您如何评价金砖机制在世界舞台上的作用？如何推动“大金砖合作”取得更大成果？
Answer: Russia's BRICS Chairmanship has gained a steady momentum. Full-scale work is underway on all three main pillars of cooperation - politics and security, the economy and finance, culture and people-to-people contacts.
答：俄罗斯担任金砖国家轮值主席国的工作正稳步推进。政治安全、经济金融、人文交流三大合作领域的工作全面展开。
One of the main goals of the Russian Chairmanship is undoubtedly the seamless integration of the BRICS new members. We are actively assisting them in joining the existing network of cooperation mechanisms.
当然，俄罗斯担任金砖国家轮值主席国的主要目标之一，是促进新加入的成员有机融入金砖国家，积极帮助它们融入现有合作机制。
As another priority, we seek to continue coordinated work to enhance the visibility of the association in global affairs and build its capacity to promote a more democratic, stable and fair architecture of international relations. I would like to particularly stress that cooperation within BRICS relies on the principles of mutual respect, equality, openness and consensus. That is why countries of the Global South and East, which see BRICS as a platform for their voices to be certainly heard and taken into account, find our association so attractive.
另一个重点是，继续开展协调工作，增强金砖国家在全球事务中的权威，提升其推动构建更加民主、稳定、公正的国际关系体系的能力。我想单独强调的是，金砖国家合作秉持相互尊重、平等相待、开放协商的精神。这也是该机制如此吸引“全球南方”和“全球东方”国家的原因。在这些国家看来，金砖国家是一个注定能让它们的声音被听到、被重视的平台。
Russian agencies, business and public circles have prepared an extensive agenda for the Chairmanship. This includes a wide range of areas for enhancing interaction, including finance, agriculture, energy, intellectual property, healthcare, education and space exploration. Moreover, such niche and knowledge-intensive topics as nanotechnology, nuclear medicine and biotechnology are being discussed by experts in relevant fields.
俄罗斯各部门、实业界和社会各界为担任轮值主席国准备了极为丰富的议程，其中包括加强在金融、农业、能源、知识产权、医疗保健、教育和太空等广泛领域的协作。此外，各领域专家的讨论还涵盖高度专业化和知识密集型议题，例如纳米技术、核医学和生物技术。
We have held quite a few specialized events: in total, the Chairmanship plan envisages more than 200 of them. In addition to expert and ministerial meetings, they include numerous cultural events and youth activities. The BRICS Sports Games will take place in Kazan in June, and in October, the city will host the BRICS Summit.
轮值主席国期间共计划举办200余场活动，不少专业活动已经举办。除了专家会议和部长级会议外，还计划举办大量文化活动和有年轻人参与的活动。金砖国家运动会将于6月在喀山举办，10月的金砖国家领导人会晤也将在喀山举行。
Question: Multilateral mechanisms such as BRICS and the Shanghai Cooperation Organization are currently working to bring countries of the Global South together in the spirit of equality, openness, transparency and inclusiveness, and are contributing to reforming the system of global governance. Chinese President Xi Jinping has repeatedly emphasized that he is looking forward to working with Russia to strengthen strategic cooperation in multilateral settings and implement the principles of genuine multilateralism. How do you assess cooperation between China and Russia within BRICS, the SCO and other multilateral mechanisms? In your opinion, what is the role of the two countries' interaction in the international arena in promoting a community with a shared future for mankind.
问：当前，金砖国家、上海合作组织等多边机制正以平等、开放、透明、包容的精神团结“全球南方”国家，推动全球治理体系变革。习近平主席多次强调，愿同俄方加强多边战略协作，践行真正的多边主义。您如何评价中俄两国在金砖、上合等多边机制下的合作？您认为中俄两国在国际舞台上的协作，对推动构建人类命运共同体发挥着什么样的作用？
Answer: Earth is the cradle of humanity, our common home, and we are all equal as its inhabitants. I am convinced that this view is shared by most people on the planet. However, the countries that affiliate themselves with the so-called "golden billion" do not seem to think so. US-led Western elites refuse to respect civilizational and cultural diversity and reject centuries-old traditional values. Seeking to retain their global dominance, they have usurped the right to tell other nations whom they may, or must not, make friends and cooperate with, and to deny them the right to choose their own development models. They disregard other countries' sovereign interests. They seek to ensure their well-being at the expense of other states, just like in the old days, and resort to neo-colonial methods to that end.
答：地球是人类的摇篮，是我们共同的家园，我们都是地球上拥有平等权利的居民。我相信，世界上大多数人都赞成这一观点。然而，那些自诩为“黄金十亿人”的国家似乎不这么认为。依附于美国的西方精英们拒绝尊重文明和文化多样性，否认世代形成的传统价值。为维持自己的全球统治，西方精英们赋予自己指挥他国人民的权利，吩咐他们哪些人可以交好和合作，哪些人不能，拒绝承认他们选择自身发展模式的权利，无视其主权利益。西方精英们依旧在拼命靠损害别国利益来保障自身福利，为此使用各种新殖民主义手段。
Needless to say, neither Russia nor its partners are happy with this state of affairs. We have actively contributed to launching multilateral associations and mechanisms that are independent of the West and are successfully operating. In their work they build on the principles of equality, justice, transparency, respect and consideration of each other's interests.
俄罗斯及其伙伴当然对这种状况表示不满。在我们的积极参与下，一些独立于西方的多边组织和机制已经建立并顺利运行，其运作基础就是平等、公正、开放、尊重和考虑彼此利益原则。
The Shanghai Cooperation Organization and BRICS, which have well established themselves as key pillars of the emerging multipolar world order, can be cited as vivid examples of such mutually beneficial cooperation. They have come to be reputable and dynamic international platforms whose participants build constructive political, security, economic and cultural and people-to-people interaction. Hence the ever increasing interest of other states in the work of these associations and the growing number of their participants.
上合组织和金砖国家就是这一互利合作令人信服的例证。它们作为形成中的多极世界秩序关键支点，已经牢固确立了自身的地位。上合组织和金砖国家已成为蓬勃发展的权威国际平台，在其框架内，各参与者正在政治、安全、经济、人文领域开展建设性协作。足以证明这一点的是，其他国家对上合组织和金砖国家活动的兴趣与日俱增，其成员数量正在不断增加。
Our countries have similar or coinciding positions on key issues on the international agenda. We advocate for the primacy of international law, equal, indivisible, comprehensive and sustainable security at both the global and regional level with the UN's central coordinating role. We also reject Western attempts to impose an order based on lies and hypocrisy, on some mythical rules of no one knows whose making.
俄中两国在国际议程中的关键问题上持相似或相同立场。我们都拥护国际法的主导地位，都主张构建均衡、不可分割、综合、可持续的全球和地区安全，同时发挥联合国的核心协调作用。我们都不接受西方将基于谎言、虚伪和凭空臆造规则的秩序强加于人的企图。
Question: From the outset of the Ukraine crisis, China has engaged in active efforts to find a political solution to it. During his meeting with German Chancellor Olaf Scholz on April 16, Chinese President Xi Jinping outlined four principles for the peaceful resolution of the crisis in Ukraine. On February 24, 2023, China published a position paper on the political settlement of the Ukraine crisis. What is your assessment of China's stance and efforts on this issue?
问：中国始终致力于政治解决乌克兰危机。4月16日，习近平主席在会见德国总理朔尔茨时提出和平解决乌克兰危机的四项原则。2023年2月24日，中方发布了《关于政治解决乌克兰危机的中国立场》。您如何评价中方有关政治解决乌克兰危机的主张和努力？
Answer: We commend China's approaches to resolving the crisis in Ukraine. Beijing is well aware of its root causes and global geopolitical significance, which is reflected in its 12-point plan entitled "China's Position on the Political Settlement of the Ukraine Crisis" published in February 2023. The ideas and proposals contained in the document show the genuine desire of our Chinese friends to help stabilize the situation.
答：我们积极评价中方解决乌克兰危机的立场。中方很清楚乌克兰危机的根源和其全球地缘政治影响，这一点也反映在2023年2月中方发布的《关于政治解决乌克兰危机的中国立场》12点主张当中。文件中阐述的理念和建议表明了我们中国朋友为稳定局势作出贡献的真诚愿望。
As for the additional four principles of conflict resolution recently voiced by President Xi Jinping, they seamlessly fit in the above-mentioned plan. Beijing proposes practicable and constructive steps to achieve peace by refraining from pursuing vested interests and constant escalation of tensions, minimizing the negative impact of the conflict on the global economy and the stability of global value chains. The steps build on the idea that we need to forego the "Cold War mentality" and ensure indivisible security and respect for international law and the UN Charter in their entirety and interrelation. They could therefore lay the groundwork for a political and diplomatic process that would take into account Russia's security concerns and contribute to achieving a long-term and sustainable peace.
习近平主席最近提出的和平解决乌克兰危机的四项原则是对上述文件的有机补充。中方提出务实和建设性举措，即实现和平要放弃牟取私利和不断加剧紧张局势，要最大限度减少冲突对世界经济和全球产业链供应链稳定的负面影响。中方的举措发展了必须摒弃冷战思维、坚持安全不可分割原则、遵循国际法准则、遵守联合国宪章宗旨和原则等思想，注重其全面综合性和相互关系，本可以作为既考虑俄罗斯安全关切、又有助于建立长期稳定和平的政治外交进程的基础。
Unfortunately, neither Ukraine nor its Western patrons support these initiatives. They are not ready to engage in an equal, honest and open dialogue based on mutual respect and consideration of each other's interests. They are reluctant to discuss the underlying causes, the very origins of the global crisis, which has manifested itself, inter alia, in the dramatic situation around Ukraine. Why? Because today's global shocks have been provoked precisely by their policies in the previous years and decades.
遗憾的是，这些倡议并未得到乌克兰及其西方支持者的积极响应。他们不想在相互尊重和考虑彼此利益的基础上进行平等、坦诚和公开的对话，也不想讨论当前全球危机的起因和根源，而这种危机的悲剧性表现之一便是乌克兰局势。为什么？因为正是他们在近年来和几十年间推行的政策才导致了当前的全球动荡。
Instead, Western elites are stubbornly working to "punish" Russia, isolate and weaken it, supplying the Kiev authorities with money and arms. They have imposed almost 16,000 unilateral illegitimate sanctions against our country. They are threatening to dismember our country. They are illegally trying to appropriate our foreign assets. They are turning a blind eye to the resurgence of Nazism and to Ukraine-sponsored terrorist attacks in our territory.
相反，西方精英顽固试图“惩罚”、孤立和削弱俄罗斯，并向乌克兰当局提供资金和武器。他们对我国实施了近1.6万项单方面非法制裁，威胁要肢解我国，试图非法侵占我们的海外资产。他们对纳粹主义抬头、乌克兰在俄罗斯领土上实施的恐怖主义行径视而不见。
We are seeking a comprehensive, sustainable and just settlement of this conflict through peaceful means. We are open to a dialogue on Ukraine, but such negotiations must take into account the interests of all countries involved in the conflict, including ours. They must also involve a substantive discussion on global stability and security guarantees for Russia's opponents and, naturally, for Russia itself. Needless to say, these must be reliable guarantees. That is where the main problem is, since we are dealing with states whose ruling circles seek to substitute the world order based on international law with an "order based on certain rules," which they keep talking about but which no one has ever seen, no one has agreed to, and which, apparently, tend to change depending on the current political situation and interests of those who invent these rules.
我们希望通过和平手段全面、可持续、公正地解决这场冲突。我们对就乌克兰问题进行对话持开放态度，但这些谈判必须考虑到卷入这场冲突的所有国家的利益，包括我们的利益。这应是一场围绕全球稳定、保障对立双方安全——当然也包括俄罗斯安全而开展的严肃对话。而且这些必须是可靠的保证，而俄罗斯面临的主要问题恰恰是任何保证都缺乏可靠性，因为我们所面对的国家的统治集团更喜欢一种不基于国际法的世界秩序，而是一种“基于规则的秩序”。他们大谈特谈规则，却无人见过这些规则，也无人赞同这些规则，而且随着当前政局和规则杜撰者利益的变化，这些规则还在不断改变。
Russia stands ready for negotiations; moreover, we had engaged in such negotiations. On April 15, 2022, in Istanbul, together with the Ukrainian delegation, we drafted a peace agreement, taking into account the demands of the Ukrainian side, including those on future security guarantees for Ukraine. Moreover, the head of the Ukrainian delegation initialled the main provisions of the draft document. Our Western partners tried to convince us that in order to finalize and sign the agreement, it was necessary to provide conditions. The main point was that Russian troops be withdrawn away from Kiev, the capital of Ukraine. And so we did. But instead of signing the peace agreement, the Ukrainian side suddenly announced the cessation of negotiations. Later on, Ukrainian officials stated that they had done so, inter alia, because their Western allies had recommended that they continue hostilities and apply joint efforts to achieve Russia's strategic defeat. We have never refused to negotiate.
俄罗斯愿意谈判，也进行过谈判。2022年4月15日，我们在伊斯坦布尔与乌克兰代表团共同起草了未来和平协议草案。文件顾及了乌克兰代表团的要求，其中包括确保乌克兰未来安全。此外，乌克兰代表团团长还草签了该文件的主要条款。西方伙伴劝说我们，有必要为该协议的最终批准并签署创造条件，其中主要一点是将俄罗斯军队撤离乌克兰首都基辅。我们这样做了。但乌方非但没有签署和平协议，反而出人意料地宣布终止谈判。正如乌克兰官员后来所言，这也是因为他们的西方盟友建议他们继续战斗，共同在战略上击败俄罗斯。我们从来没有拒绝过谈判。
Question: In your Address to the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation on February 29, 2024, you elaborated on Russia's development goals for the next six years and relevant measures. On March 20, at a meeting with your election team, you called for building a new Russia, in order to make your country even stronger, more attractive and effective. What are your plans in state-building for this new term of office? How do you expect to achieve your goals?
问：今年2月29日，您在发表国情咨文时全面阐述了今后六年俄罗斯的发展任务和举措。3月20日，您在与竞选团队代表会面时，呼吁建设一个崭新的俄罗斯，使国家变得更加强大、更具吸引力、更加高效。请问，您在新任期内对国家建设有何规划？如何实现设定的目标？
Answer: The Address sets objective and essential goals pertaining to the development of all regions of the country, the economy, and the social sphere; they include addressing demographic problems, increasing the birth rate, providing support to families with children, fighting poverty and inequality. We recognize the scale of these challenges and can provide solutions. To do this we will rely on the consolidated will of our people, the necessary resources and capabilities, and the rich experience of interaction between the state, businesses and the civil society.
答：国情咨文所提出的任务，如推进国家各地区发展、发展经济和社会领域、解决人口问题、提高出生率、为有子女的家庭提供支持、消除贫困和不平等，这些都具有重大现实意义。我们了解这些任务的规模，也清楚如何去解决。我们拥有为此所需的人民的团结意志、必要的资源与潜力，以及国家、企业和公民社会相互协作的丰富经验。
In addition, over the past few years, tremendous work has been done to establish an effective economic management system. The government and relevant agencies use big data sets, advanced digital platforms and computer networks spanning all sectors of the national economy throughout the country. We will continue with this work and seek to improve the efficiency of long-term planning and the implementation of programs and national projects.
此外，俄罗斯近些年在打造有效的经济管理体系方面做了大量工作。为此，政府和相关部门使用可覆盖国民经济所有领域和俄罗斯全国范围的大量数据、现代数字平台与计算机网络。我们将继续推进这项工作，提高长期规划、落实各项计划和国家项目的效率。
Today, Russia is one of the world's top five countries in terms of purchasing power parity. Now we are aiming for the top four largest economies on the planet. We prioritize such tasks as ensuring quality and the effective development across all spheres, as well as increasing our citizens' well-being.
按照购买力平价计算，俄罗斯如今已经跻身全球前五名。我们现在的任务是成为全球第四大经济体，其中最重要的是提高各领域发展的质量和效率、增进我国公民的福祉。
It is impossible to achieve quality economic changes without a sustained salary growth. To achieve this, we plan to increase labour productivity through the across-the-board adoption of scientific advances, new technologies and innovations, automation and robotization, and the creation of modern jobs. At the same time, we will engage in training competent, forward-thinking professionals who will implement greenfield projects and work in industry and the social sphere.
经济要出现质的改变，离不开劳动报酬水平的稳定提高。为达成这一目标，我们计划提高劳动生产率——加大科研成果的前沿应用、推动新技术与创新、推动自动化与机器人化、创造现代就业岗位。与此同时，我们将培养优秀且具有现代思维的专家，鼓励其从事新型生产、投身工业与社会领域。
Our priorities certainly include training fresh talent for public and municipal government. We have a whole range of relevant programs, competitions and projects in place. We have also provided ample opportunities at the federal and regional levels to help talented people who love their homeland unlock their potential. These are people who are ready to assume responsibility, serve Russia honestly and faithfully, and, most importantly, who have proved it in deed, both in doing their work and going through the toughest hardships when defending our Fatherland and our people.
当然，我们的重点任务是培养国家和市政管理人才。我们拥有一系列相关规划、竞赛和项目，在联邦和地区层面为有志实现自我、有天赋的爱国人士、愿意承担责任并诚实效力俄罗斯的人才提供广阔空间。重要的一点是，要在劳动和各种考验中以实际行动证明自己，保卫祖国和人民。
I am confident that we will implement all the strategic plans we have set. We are willing to work together with our partners worldwide, including China, our good neighbour and trusted friend.
我相信，我们一定会实现以上所有战略计划。在这方面，我们愿与全球各国伙伴开展合作，这其中就包括我们的好邻居和可靠朋友——中国。
