（图源：联合国网站）

——在第78届联合国大会一般性辩论上的讲话

– Statement at the General Debate of the 78th Session of the United Nations General Assembly

中华人民共和国副主席 韩正

H.E. Han Zheng, Vice President of the People’s Republic of China 

2023年9月21日，纽约

New York, September 21, 2023

主席先生，各位同事：

Mr. President,

Colleagues,

当前，国际安全形势严峻，经济复苏步履蹒跚，发展鸿沟不断拉大，自然灾害和极端天气增多，全球秩序面临诸多挑战。面对世界之变、时代之变、历史之变，中国国家主席习近平提出构建人类命运共同体的重大理念，呼吁国际社会携手建设持久和平、普遍安全、共同繁荣、开放包容、清洁美丽的世界。此后，习近平主席提出全球发展倡议、全球安全倡议、全球文明倡议，进一步丰富了构建人类命运共同体理念的内涵和实践路径。越来越多的国家认识到，人类命运休戚与共，团结合作才是人间正道。

At present, the international security situation is grim, economic recovery lacks momentum, and gap in development is widening. Natural disasters and extreme weather patterns are increasing. The global order faces multiple challenges. Facing profound changes in the world, in our times, and in history, Chinese President Xi Jinping made a major call of building a community with a shared future for mankind, and he called on the international community to jointly build a world with lasting peace, universal security and common prosperity, a world that is open, inclusive, clean and beautiful. Since then, President Xi Jinping has proposed the Global Development Initiative, the Global Security Initiative and the Global Civilization Initiative. These initiatives have enriched the vision of building a community with a shared future for mankind and set out a pathway toward realizing this goal. More and more countries have realized that they all share a huge stake of common survival and that unity and cooperation is the right way to take.

主席先生，各位同事，

Mr. President,

Colleagues,

和平、发展、合作、共赢是不可阻挡的历史潮流。为此，我愿提出以下四点建议：

The historical trend of peace, development and win-win cooperation is unstoppable. With this in mind, I call for taking steps in the following four areas.

第一，坚持公道正义，维护和平安全。各国安全相互关联、彼此影响，要坚持共同、综合、合作、可持续的安全观，走对话而不对抗、结伴而不结盟、共赢而非零和的安全之路。

First, we should uphold equity and justice, and safeguard peace and security. The security of all countries is interconnected. Indeed, the security of one country has an impact on that of other countries. It is important to follow the vision of common, comprehensive, cooperative and sustainable security, and embark on a path to security featuring dialogue over confrontation, partnership over alliance and win-win outcomes over a zero-sum game.

要重视各国合理安全关切，通过对话协商以和平方式解决分歧和争端。沟通对话是实现国际安全合作的重要手段，冲突对立双方更是如此。停火止战、启动和谈是解决乌克兰危机的唯一出路。中方支持一切有利于和平解决乌克兰危机的努力，愿继续为早日实现和平发挥建设性作用。巴勒斯坦问题是中东问题的核心，根本出路是落实“两国方案”。中国将一如既往支持巴勒斯坦人民恢复民族合法权利的正义事业。

We should address the legitimate security concerns of all countries, and resolve differences and disputes in a peaceful way through dialogue and consultation. Communication and dialogue is an important way to achieve international security cooperation, and parties to a conflict or confrontation should never forget this. Cessation of hostilities and resumption of peace talk is the only way to settle the Ukraine crisis. China supports all efforts that are conducive to the peaceful resolution of the Ukraine crisis and stands ready to continue playing a constructive role for the early attainment of peace. The Palestinian issue is at the core of the Middle East issue. The fundamental way out lies in the two-state solution. China will continue to support the Palestinian people in pursuing the just cause of restoring their lawful national rights.

要尊重各国主权、领土完整，遵守联合国宪章宗旨和原则。中国反对霸权主义和强权政治，反对单边主义和冷战思维。少数国家滥施非法单边制裁，对国际关系和谐稳定造成严重破坏，国际社会应共同抵制。中国坚定支持古巴人民捍卫国家主权、反对外来干涉和封锁的正义斗争，赞赏古巴为打击恐怖主义所作出的努力。

We should respect the sovereignty and territorial integrity of all countries and observe the purposes and principles of the U.N. Charter. China opposes hegemonism, power politics, unilateralism and Cold War mentality. A small number of countries have arbitrarily imposed illegal and unilateral sanctions, severely undermining the harmony and stability of international relations. The international community should jointly resist such acts. China firmly supports the Cuban people in their just struggle to defend their sovereignty and oppose external interference and blockade. We appreciate Cuba’s efforts to fight terrorism.

要统筹传统领域和非传统领域安全。核战争打不得，核武器用不得。中国是安理会五个常任理事国中唯一承诺不首先使用核武器的国家。中国高度重视常规军控问题，有望近期完成《枪支议定书》批约。中国将在今后三年面向东盟地区开展扫雷合作行动，帮助东盟国家早日摆脱雷患。中国支持联合国发挥主渠道作用，在充分尊重各国治理原则和实践前提下，形成具有广泛共识的人工智能治理框架和标准规范。

We should maintain security in both traditional and non-traditional domains. Nuclear war must not be fought, and nuclear weapons must not be used. China is the only country among the five permanent members of the Security Council that has pledged no-first-use of nuclear weapons. China attaches great importance to conventional arms control, and will soon complete its ratification of the U.N. Firearms Protocol. China will carry out demining cooperation in ASEAN countries in the next three years to help them eliminate this hazard at an early date. China supports the U.N., with full respect for the governance principles and practices of all countries, in serving as the main channel in creating a widely accepted AI governance framework, standards and norms.

第二，坚持互利共赢，促进共同发展。要将发展置于国际议程中心位置，让发展成果更多更公平惠及每一个国家、每一个人。中方将继续为构建全球发展共同体作出积极贡献。

Second, we should pursue mutual benefit, deliver win-win outcomes and achieve development for all. Development should be placed at the center of the international agenda, and development benefit should reach every country and individual in a fairer way. China will continue to contribute to building a global community of development.

今年是中国提出共建“一带一路”倡议十周年。共建“一带一路”框架下已开展3000多个务实合作项目，2022年度中欧班列已经开行1.6万列，这是“一带一路”生机活力的鲜明体现。下个月，中国将举办第三届“一带一路”国际合作高峰论坛，我们将进一步协同推动共建“一带一路”和2030年可持续发展议程。

This year marks the 10th anniversary of the Belt and Road Initiative put forward by China. More than 3,000 cooperation projects have been launched under the framework of this initiative. The China-Europe Railway Express had 16,000 freight services in 2022, which fully demonstrates the vitality of the Belt and Road Initiative. Next month, China will host the third Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation. We will further advance both Belt and Road cooperation and the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development.

要推动《巴黎协定》全面有效实施。发达国家应该作出更大减排努力，向发展中国家提供资金、技术和能力建设支持。中国将坚定不移走生态优先、绿色低碳发展道路，全面停止新建境外煤电项目，大力支持发展中国家能源绿色低碳发展，帮助建设更多绿色能源项目。中国将继续为应对气候变化作出积极努力。

We should fully and effectively implement the Paris Agreement. Developed countries should do more to reduce emissions and provide developing countries with financing, technology and capacity building support. China will continue to pursue ecological conservation on a priority basis, advance green and low-carbon development, stop building any new coal-fired power projects abroad, vigorously support other developing countries in developing green and low-carbon energy, and help them build more green energy projects. China will continue to actively respond to climate change.

第三，坚持开放包容，追求文明进步。文明多样性是人类发展的宝贵财富，多姿多彩是人类文明的底色。不同国家和文明要在彼此尊重中共同发展、在交流互鉴中取长补短、在求同存异中合作共赢。

Third, we should stay open and inclusive and advance human civilization. Diversity of civilizations is an invaluable asset for human development; indeed, diversity is a defining feature of human civilization. Different countries and civilizations should prosper together by respecting each other, advance together by drawing on each other’s strength, and seek win-win outcomes by pursuing common ground while setting aside differences.

促进和保护人权是各国的共同事业，人民幸福生活是最大的人权。各国历史传统不同、现实国情各异，必须也只能从本国实际和人民需求出发，探索适合自身的人权发展道路。要通过对话与合作推进国际人权事业健康发展，反对搞政治化和双重标准，更不能把人权和民主当作干涉别国事务的政治工具。

Promoting and protecting human rights is a cause pursued by all countries, and ensuring a good life for people is the ultimate human right. As countries have different histories, traditions and conditions, we must and can only explore a path of human rights development suited to our national conditions in response to the needs of our people. We should advance the international human rights cause through dialogue and cooperation, and oppose politicization and double standard, in particular the use of human rights and democracy as a political tool to interfere in the affairs of other countries.

第四，坚持多边主义，完善全球治理。中国是以联合国为核心的国际体系的坚定支持者。联合国应当平衡推进安全、发展、人权三大支柱领域工作，由各国共同维护普遍安全、共同分享发展成果、共同掌握世界命运。大国更应该以身作则，把对多边主义的承诺落到实处。

Fourth, we should stay true to multilateralism and improve global governance. China is firm in supporting the international system with the U.N. at its core. The U.N. should make advances in all the three pillar areas of security, development and human rights in a balanced manner, and see that all countries jointly safeguard universal security, share development achievements and chart the course for the future of the world. Major countries should lead by example and deliver on their commitment to multilateralism.

明年联合国将召开未来峰会。国际社会应以此为契机，坚持世界多极化、国际关系民主化的方向，统筹推进和平安全、经济、金融、贸易等领域改革，切实提高发展中国家的代表性和发言权，推动全球治理朝着更加公正合理的方向发展。

Next year, the U.N. will hold the Summit of the Future. The international community should follow the direction of a multipolar world and democracy in international relations, use this occasion to promote reform in such areas as peace and security, economy, finance and trade in a coordinated manner, increase the representation and say of developing countries, and make global governance more just and equitable.

主席先生，各位同事，

Mr. President,

Colleagues,

去年10月，中国共产党第二十次全国代表大会成功召开，擘画了以中国式现代化全面推进中华民族伟大复兴的宏伟蓝图。中国式现代化是人口规模巨大、全体人民共同富裕、物质文明和精神文明相协调、人与自然和谐共生、走和平发展道路的现代化，必将为世界和平与发展注入更多正能量，为人类文明进步作出新的更大贡献。

Last October, the Communist Party of China convened its 20th National Congress, during which an inspiring blueprint was drawn for achieving the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation on all fronts by pursuing Chinese modernization. Chinese modernization involves a huge population. It aims to deliver prosperity for all Chinese people, promote material and cultural-ethical advancement, and achieve harmony between humanity and nature and peaceful development. By pursuing Chinese modernization, we will boost world peace and development, and make new and greater contributions to the advancement of human civilization.

中国坚定不移扩大对外开放。中国经济发展到今天，已与世界经济深度融合。我们将始终坚持扩大制度型开放，推动贸易和投资自由化便利化，进一步放宽外资市场准入，依法保护外商投资权益，既为世界经济发展不断增添新的动力和活力，也让各国分享中国发展的机遇和红利。

China stays committed to opening itself wider to the world. Today, the Chinese economy is already an integral part of the global economy. We will continue to expand opening up in a systemic way, promote trade and investment liberalization and facilitation, open the market further to foreign investment, and protect the lawful rights and interests of foreign investors. We will continue to add new momentum to the global economic development, and we welcome all countries to share in the opportunities and benefits created by China’s development.

中国坚定奉行独立自主外交政策。独立自主是中国外交的鲜明底色，不惧霸权是中国外交的独特风骨。无论发展到什么程度，中国永远不称霸、永远不搞扩张。中国将坚守和平、发展、公平、正义、民主、自由的全人类共同价值，坚定不移走和平发展、开放发展、合作发展、共同发展道路。

China stays committed to an independent foreign policy. Independence is the defining feature of China’s diplomacy, and defiance of hegemony is a distinctive feature of China’s diplomacy. No matter what stage of development it reaches, China will never practice hegemony and expansion. China will uphold the common values of humanity, that is, peace, development, equity, justice, democracy and freedom, and continue to advance peaceful, open, cooperative and common development.

中国坚决捍卫国家主权和领土完整。世界上只有一个中国，中华人民共和国政府是代表全中国的唯一合法政府，台湾自古以来就是中国领土不可分割的一部分，任何人、任何势力都不要低估中国人民捍卫国家主权和领土完整的坚强决心、坚定意志和强大能力。实现祖国完全统一是全体中华儿女的共同愿望，我们愿继续以最大诚意、尽最大努力争取和平统一前景。

China stays committed to safeguarding its sovereignty and territorial integrity. There is but one China in the world. The government of the People’s Republic of China is the sole legal government representing the whole of China, and Taiwan has been an inalienable part of China’s territory since ancient times. No one, no force should ever underestimate the firm resolve, strong will or the power of the Chinese people to safeguard their sovereignty and territorial integrity. Realizing China’s complete reunification is a shared aspiration of all the sons and daughters of the Chinese nation. We will continue to strive for peaceful reunification with the greatest sincerity and the utmost effort.

中国永远是发展中国家大家庭的一员。作为最大的发展中国家，中国是“全球南方”的当然成员，始终同广大发展中国家同呼吸、共命运。中国坚定维护发展中国家的正当权益，坚定支持并尊重广大发展中国家从本国国情出发，独立自主地选择自身发展道路。

China will remain a member of the big family of developing countries. As the largest developing country, China is a natural member of the Global South. It breathes the same breath with other developing countries and shares the same future with them. China is firm in upholding the legitimate rights and interests of developing countries. It supports and respects their efforts to independently decide on their development paths in keeping with their national conditions.

主席先生，各位同事，

Mr. President,

Colleagues,

中国将矢志不渝推动构建人类命运共同体，为大国使命尽责，为人类前途担当。中国愿同世界上所有爱好和平、致力发展的国家携手同行、和衷共济，共同开创世界更加美好的未来。

China will work unremittingly to promote the building of a community with a shared future for mankind to fulfill the mission of a major country and responsibility for the future of humanity. China will work together with all other peace-loving countries committed to development to deliver a brighter future for the world.

谢谢大家！

Thank you.

来源 | 外交部、联合国网站制作｜绢生审核｜肖英 / 万顷

终审｜清欢