继往开来 砥砺前行 携手共建人类命运共同体

Building on Past Achievements and Forging Ahead Together Toward a Community with a Shared Future for Mankind

——在第79届联合国大会一般性辩论上的演讲

– Statement at the General Debate of the 79th Session of the United Nations General Assembly

习近平主席特别代表、中共中央政治局委员、中华人民共和国外交部长 王毅

H.E. Wang Yi, Special Representative of President Xi Jinping, Member of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee and Minister of Foreign Affairs of the People’s Republic of China

2024年9月28日，纽约

New York, September 28, 2024

（图源：外交部官网）

主席先生、各位同事：

Mr. President,

Colleagues,

人类再次站在历史的十字路口。我们首先面对的是一个变乱交织的世界，安全失序、发展失衡、治理失效日益突出，热点冲突、大国对抗、地缘矛盾此起彼伏，人们对这个星球的未来更为忧虑。同时，我们又正在迎来一个充满希望的世界。多极化和全球化的时代潮流浩浩荡荡、不可阻挡，全球南方国家对现代化的渴望从来没有像现在这样强烈，我们迈向现代化的脚步从来没有像今天这样坚定。

Today, humanity has once again come to a historical crossroads. We are facing a changing and turbulent world. Challenges of insecurity, imbalanced development and ineffective governance are increasingly prominent. Hotspot conflicts, major-country confrontation and geopolitical tensions keep emerging. The future of this planet is becoming a cause for growing concern. Meanwhile, we are also embracing a world full of hope. Multipolarity and globalization have become the unstoppable trend of our times. The aspirations of the Global South nations for modernization has never been stronger. Our stride toward modernization has never been more steadfast.

联合国承载了各国人民对持久和平、共同繁荣的美好向往，见证了国际社会团结合作、追求进步的光辉历程。习近平主席多次强调，联合国的作用只能加强，不能削弱。面对百年未有之大变局，中国的呼吁是，顺应时代发展潮流，锚定人类进步方向，作出正确历史选择。中国的主张是，坚持和平共处，打造持久稳定的安全格局；坚持开放包容，打造共同繁荣的发展格局；坚持和而不同，打造交流互鉴的文明格局；坚持公道正义，打造共建共享的治理格局。

This institution, the United Nations, embodies the aspirations of people across the world for lasting peace and common prosperity, and bears witness to the glorious journey of the international community coming together in pursuit of progress. President Xi Jinping stressed on multiple occasions that the role of the U.N. should be strengthened, not weakened. Amid global transformation not seen in a century, what China calls for is to follow the trend of the times, keep to the direction of human progress, and make the right choices of history. What China proposes is to uphold peaceful coexistence and put in place a security architecture that ensures enduring stability; uphold openness and inclusiveness and foster a development paradigm that promotes shared prosperity; uphold harmony without uniformity and adopt an approach to civilizations that promotes exchange and mutual learning; and uphold fairness and justice and develop a governance structure that pools strengths for shared benefit.

今天的世界，各国安危休戚与共。面对各种全球性挑战和风险，没有任何国家可以独善其身、独享安全。各国应秉持共同、综合、合作、可持续的安全观，尊重彼此的国家主权和领土完整，重视对方的合理安全关切，通过对话协商化解矛盾分歧，积极探索大国和平共处之道，推动构建相互尊重、公平正义、合作共赢的新型国际关系。

In today’s world, the security of all countries is tied together. In face of various kinds of global challenges and risks, no one can stay immune or enjoy security alone. Countries need to be guided by a vision of common, comprehensive, cooperative and sustainable security. We should respect each other’s sovereignty and territorial integrity, take the legitimate security concerns of others seriously, and resolve disputes and differences through dialogue and consultation. We should actively explore a path for major countries to coexist in peace, and work for a new type of international relations characterized by mutual respect, fairness, justice and win-win cooperation.

今天的世界，各国发展深度相融。如果富国愈富，穷国恒穷，生而平等就会成为空话，公平正义更将遥不可及。实现现代化是各国人民的正当权利，不是哪个国家独有的专利。我们要致力于推进世界现代化，确保现代化道路上一个都不能少，一国都不能掉队。要倡导普惠包容的全球化，旗帜鲜明反对单边主义、保护主义，助力发展中国家跨越发展鸿沟，保持全球经济增长活力。

In today’s world, the development of all countries is deeply integrated. If the rich get richer while the poor remain poor, then “everyone is born equal” would become an empty slogan, and fairness and justice would be even more elusive. Achieving modernization is a legitimate right of the people of all countries, not a prerogative of a few. We should be committed to advancing global modernization, and ensure that no one and no country is left behind on the journey toward modernization. We should advocate a universally beneficial and inclusive globalization, unequivocally oppose unilateralism and protectionism, and help developing countries leap over the development divide, to maintain the vitality of global economic growth.

今天的世界，各种文明互有所长。习近平主席指出，文明没有高下、优劣之分，只有特色、地域之别。我们要尊重文明多样性，以文明交流超越文明隔阂、文明互鉴超越文明冲突，倡导和平、发展、公平、正义、民主、自由的全人类共同价值，不搞价值观外交，反对意识形态对抗，以平等之心彼此尊重，以包容之心相互成就。

In today’s world, each civilization has its own strengths. President Xi Jinping pointed out that there is no such thing as a superior or inferior civilization, and civilizations are different only in identity and location. We should respect the diversity of civilizations, and strive to replace estrangement and clash of civilizations with exchanges and mutual learning. We should advocate humanity’s common values, namely, peace, development, equity, justice, democracy and freedom, refrain from conducting values-oriented diplomacy, and oppose ideology-based confrontation. We should respect each other as equals, and help each other succeed with an inclusive mind.

今天的世界，各国主权一律平等。一大批全球南方国家卓然壮大，一两个大国说了算的时代已经一去不复返。我们要倡导平等有序的多极化，坚持国家不分大小，都在多极体系中有自身的位置和作用。要践行真正的多边主义，反对霸权主义和强权政治，实现国际关系的民主化。要秉持共商共建共享原则，推动全球治理朝着更加公正合理的方向发展。

In today’s world, countries should all enjoy sovereign equality. As a large number of Global South nations are growing with a strong momentum, gone are the days when one or two major powers call the shots on everything. We should advocate an equal and orderly multipolar world, and see that all countries, regardless of their size, have their own place and role in the multipolar system. We should practice true multilateralism, oppose hegemonism and power politics, and make international relations more democratic. We should follow the principle of extensive consultation and joint contribution for shared benefit, and make global governance more just and equitable.

主席先生，

Mr. President,

和平是当今世界最宝贵的财富。有人问，有没有通往和平的道路，实际上和平本身就是道路。没有和平，发展难以为继；没有和平，合作无从谈起。为了和平，哪怕仍有一线希望，就不应轻言放弃；哪怕还有一点可能，就要付出百倍努力。

Peace is the most precious thing in our world today. You may wonder if there is a path leading to peace. In fact, peace is the path. Without peace, development will not sustain; without peace, cooperation cannot happen. For the sake of peace, a single ray of hope is reason enough not to give up; the slightest chance deserves a hundredfold effort.

乌克兰危机还难以走向结束。当务之急是坚持“战场不外溢，战事不升级，各方不拱火”，推动局势尽快降温。中国正在做的，是发挥建设性作用，穿梭斡旋、劝和促谈，而不是火上浇油、趁机渔利。本届联大期间，中国、巴西等全球南方国家共同成立“和平之友”小组，目的就是秉持联合国宪章宗旨和原则，为政治解决危机汇聚共识，为实现和平前景贡献力量。

An end to the Ukraine crisis remains elusive. The top priority is to commit to “no expansion of the battlefield, no escalation of fighting and no provocation by any party,” and push for de-escalation of the situation as soon as possible. China is committed to playing a constructive role, engaging in shuttle mediation and promoting talks for peace, not throwing oil on the fire or exploiting the situation for selfish gains. At this session of the General Assembly, China, Brazil and other Global South countries have jointly launched the group of Friends for Peace. Its very purpose is to uphold the purposes and principles of the U.N. Charter, build consensus for a political settlement of the crisis and contribute to a prospect of peace.

巴勒斯坦问题是人类良知的最大创伤。加沙冲突仍在延宕，平民伤亡与日俱增。黎巴嫩战火又起，强权不能代替正义。巴勒斯坦独立建国的夙愿不能再被回避，巴勒斯坦人民遭受的历史不公不能再被无视。全面停火刻不容缓，“两国方案”是根本出路。中方始终坚定支持巴勒斯坦人民恢复民族合法权利的正义事业，坚定支持巴勒斯坦成为联合国正式会员国。中方近期推动巴勒斯坦内部和解取得突破。我们将继续和志同道合的国家一道，为全面、公正解决巴勒斯坦问题，实现中东长治久安作出努力。

The question of Palestine is the biggest wound to human conscience. As we speak, the conflict in Gaza is still going on, causing more civilian casualties with each passing day. Fighting has spread to Lebanon; might must not take the place of justice. Palestine’s long-held aspiration to establish an independent state should not be shunned anymore, and the historical injustice suffered by the Palestinian people should not be ignored any longer. There must not be any delay in reaching a comprehensive ceasefire, and the fundamental way out lies in the two-State solution. China has always been a staunch supporter of the just cause of the Palestinian people to regain their legitimate national rights, and a staunch supporter of Palestine’s full U.N. membership. We have recently helped to bring about breakthroughs in intra-Palestine reconciliation, and will continue to work in concert with like-minded countries for a comprehensive and just settlement of the question of Palestine and durable peace and security in the Middle East.

阿富汗问题攸关地区和平与安全，要帮助阿富汗稳健施政、有效打恐、改善民生、重振经济，为阿富汗人民开创一个美好的未来。

The issue of Afghanistan concerns regional peace and security. It is important to help Afghanistan exercise prudent governance, fight terrorism effectively, improve people’s life and reinvigorate the economy, to open up a better future for the Afghan people.

朝鲜半岛不能再生战端，要持之以恒推动局势降温，坚持对话协商解决问题，实现停和机制转换，维护半岛和平稳定。

The Korean Peninsula should not experience war again. The important thing is to make persistent effort for de-escalation, commit to seeking solutions through dialogue and consultation, realize a transition from the armistice to a peace mechanism, and safeguard peace and stability on the Peninsula.

中国深知亚洲地区需要的是稳定发展，反对的是分裂冲突。亚洲作为人类文明的重要源头和全球增长的关键引擎，有智慧也有能力通过地区合作稳定局势，通过对话协商妥处分歧，我们坚决反对域外国家把黑手伸向这一地区，坚决抵制任何势力在此兴风作浪、挑动对抗。

China is deeply aware that Asia needs stability and development and opposes division and conflict. As an important origin of human civilization and a key engine of global growth, Asia has the wisdom and capability to stabilize the situation through regional cooperation and handle differences properly through dialogue and consultation. We are firmly against the meddling by countries outside the region, and will resolutely resist attempts by any force to stoke trouble and confrontation in the region.

主席先生，

Mr. President,

面对日益严峻的全球挑战，中国从来没有袖手旁观，而是以前所未有的力度参与全球治理。近年来，习近平主席先后提出全球发展倡议、全球安全倡议、全球文明倡议，为解决人类面临的种种难题贡献了中国智慧，为完善全球治理注入了中国力量。

As the world faces increasingly serious challenges, China has never opted to be an indifferent spectator. Instead, we have been playing a bigger part in global governance than ever before. President Xi Jinping has put forth the Global Development Initiative, the Global Security Initiative and the Global Civilization Initiative in recent years. They carry China’s wisdom for resolving various difficult issues confronting humanity, and bring impetus from China for improving global governance.

面对全球发展的失衡滞后，中国主张把发展问题置于国际议程中心位置，聚焦落实联合国2030年可持续发展目标，加大发展资源投入，帮助发展中国家更好应对各种风险挑战。不久前召开的中非合作论坛北京峰会上，习近平主席提出中非携手推进现代化的“十大伙伴行动”，宣布给予包括非洲在内40多个最不发达国家100%税目产品零关税待遇，成为实施这一重大举措的首个发展中大国和主要经济体。

In the face of uneven and inadequate global development, China’s proposal is to put development at the top of the global agenda, focus on delivering the Sustainable Development Goals of the U.N. 2030 Agenda, increase input in development, and help developing countries better respond to different risks and challenges. At the recent Beijing Summit of the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation, President Xi Jinping outlined 10 partnership actions to be taken together with Africa to advance modernization, and announced the decision to give over 40 LDCs, including those in Africa, zero-tariff treatment for 100 percent tariff lines. China is the first major developing country and the first major economy to take such a significant step.

面对制裁封锁的单边霸凌，中国坚定支持各国捍卫自身正当权利，维护国际体系的公平开放，提升全球发展的普惠协同，共同反对技术封锁，共同抵制脱钩断链。制裁施压带不来垄断优势，打压围堵解不开自身困境，各国人民追求美好生活的权利不可剥夺。在此，我们再次敦促美国全面取消对古巴的封锁制裁和涉恐列名。

In the face of unilateral, bullying acts such as sanctions and blockade, China firmly supports countries in defending their legitimate rights, upholding the equity and openness of the international system, making global development more coordinated and beneficial for all, and jointly opposing technology blockade and rejecting decoupling or severing supply chains. Sanctions and pressure will not bring monopolistic advantages. Suppressing and containing others will not solve problems at home. The right of people of all countries to pursue a better life should not be taken away. Here, we once again urge the United States to completely lift its blockade, sanctions and terrorism-related designation against Cuba.

面对生态挑战的不断加剧，中国坚定不移走绿色低碳可持续发展道路，将用历史上最短时间实现从碳达峰到碳中和，为促进人与自然和谐共生作出积极努力。要秉持共同但有区别的责任原则，真正落实《巴黎协定》。发达国家应帮助发展中国家提升应对能力，不能一边大谈应对气候变化，一边无端打压别国绿色产业，拖累全球绿色转型步伐。

In the face of aggravating ecological challenges, China is firmly committed to a path of green, low-carbon and sustainable development. We will move from carbon peaking to carbon neutrality in the shortest time span in world history, contributing China’s efforts to harmonious coexistence between humanity and nature. At the global level, the principle of common but differentiated responsibilities must be upheld, and the Paris Agreement must be implemented in earnest. Developed countries should assist developing countries in building their capacity to cope with climate change. Touting the need of climate response while suppressing the green industries of others will only hold back global progress in green transition.

面对人工智能的方兴未艾，中国坚持以人为本、智能向善、发展与安全并重，探索建立普遍认同的国际规则和标准。中国支持联合国发挥人工智能全球治理主渠道作用，加强人工智能能力建设的国际合作，我们已提出“人工智能能力建设普惠计划”，愿为推动人工智能健康有序、公平普惠发展做出更多贡献。

In the face of burgeoning artificial intelligence (AI), China is committed to taking a people-centered approach, developing AI for good, and putting equal emphasis on development and security. We are working to explore and establish widely-recognized international rules and standards. China supports the U.N.’s role as the main channel for global AI governance and is committed to strengthening international cooperation on AI capacity-building. China has put forth the AI Capacity-Building Action Plan for Good and for All, and is ready to make more contributions to the sound, orderly, fair and inclusive development of AI.

面对维护人权的时代课题，中国主张尊重各国自主选择人权发展道路，任何国家都不能把自己的意志强加于人，都不能打着人权幌子肆意干涉别国内政。中国坚持以人民为中心，促进人的自由全面发展，走出了一条适合本国国情的人权发展道路。我们愿继续同各国和联合国人权机构平等对话交流，共同推动全球人权事业健康发展。

In the face of the task of human rights protection, China maintains that all countries’ right to independently choose their path of human rights development should be respected. No country should impose its own will on others, or arbitrarily interfere in others’ internal affairs citing human rights as an excuse. In human rights protection, China is committed to putting people first and promoting the free and well-rounded development of the people. We have found a path of human rights development that suits China’s national conditions. China is ready to engage in dialogue and exchanges with all countries and U.N. human rights bodies on an equal footing, and jointly promote the sound development of the global human rights cause.

主席先生，

Mr. President,

台湾是中国领土不可分割的一部分，这既是历史，也是现实。《开罗宣言》、《波茨坦公告》明确规定把日本窃取的中国领土，包括台湾、澎湖列岛归还中国，构成了二战后国际秩序的重要组成部分。53年前，就是在这座神圣庄严的大厅，第26届联合国大会以压倒性多数通过第2758号决议，决定恢复中华人民共和国在联合国的一切权利，承认中华人民共和国政府代表是中国在联合国唯一合法代表，并立即把台湾地区的代表从联合国及其所属一切机构中驱逐出去。这一决议彻底解决了包括台湾在内全中国在联合国的代表权问题，明确不存在“两个中国”，不存在“一中一台”。在这一原则问题上没有灰色地带，没有模糊空间。中国必将实现完全统一，台湾必将回归祖国怀抱，这是任何人、任何势力都阻挡不了的历史大势！

Taiwan is an inalienable part of China’s territory. This is the history and the reality. Both the Cairo Declaration and the Potsdam Proclamation stated in explicit terms that all the territories Japan had stolen from the Chinese, such as Taiwan and the Penghu Islands, shall be restored to China, and this constitutes an important part of the post-war international order. Right here in this august hall 53 years ago, the 26th session of the U.N. General Assembly adopted Resolution 2758 with an overwhelming majority, deciding to restore all the rights of the People’s Republic of China at the U.N., to recognize the representatives of the Government of the People’s Republic of China as the only legitimate representatives of China to the U.N., and to expel forthwith the representatives of the Taiwan region from the U.N. and all the organizations related to it. Once and for all, the resolution resolved the issue of the representation of the whole of China, including Taiwan, in the U.N. It made clear that there is no such thing as “two Chinas,” or “one China, one Taiwan.” On this matter of principle, there is no gray zone or room for ambiguity. The complete reunification of China will be achieved. Taiwan will eventually return to the embrace of the motherland. This is the overwhelming trend of history that no one and no force can stop.

主席先生，

Mr. President,

再过几天，中华人民共和国将迎来75周年华诞。75年来，国际形势风云变幻，中国的选择始终未变，那就是集中力量为人民谋幸福、为民族谋复兴，同时也为人类谋进步、为世界谋大同。中国在追求自身发展的同时，始终胸怀天下，不断以自身新发展为世界提供新机遇。前不久，中国共产党二十届三中全会做出进一步全面深化改革、推进中国式现代化的重要决定，开启了中国携手世界共同发展进步的新的征程。

In a few days’ time, the People’s Republic of China will celebrate the 75th anniversary of its founding. Over the past 75 years, no matter how the world changes, China’s dedication has not changed. It is dedicated to pursuing happiness for the Chinese people and the rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. It is also dedicated to human progress and world harmony. In the course of seeking its own development, China has kept in mind the common interests of the whole world, generating new opportunities for the world through its own development. Not long ago, the Third Plenum of the 20th CPC Central Committee made an important decision on further deepening reform comprehensively to advance Chinese modernization. It set in motion a new journey where China joins hands with the world in common development and progress.

中国式现代化将有力促进世界和平稳定。中华文明崇尚和平理念，中华民族没有扩张传统。近代中国曾饱受列强欺凌，深知和平弥足珍贵，发展来之不易。中国是世界上唯一将和平发展写入宪法的大国，是五核国中唯一承诺不首先使用核武器的国家。我们积极探索并践行中国特色热点问题解决之道，为破解安全困境、完善安全治理提供助力，为消弭冲突、建设和平铺路架桥。中国每发展一步，和平力量就壮大一分。

Chinese modernization will contribute robustly to world peace and stability. The Chinese culture values peace, and the Chinese nation has no tradition of external expansion. China, once a victim of foreign power bullying, knows full well the value of peace and the hard-won gains of development. In fact, China is the only major country that has written peaceful development into its constitution, and the only country among the five nuclear-weapon states to pledge no-first-use of nuclear weapons. We are actively exploring and putting into practice the Chinese way of addressing hotspot issues, boosting the prospects for resolving the security dilemma and improving security governance, and paving the ground for conflict settlement and peacebuilding. Every step in China’s development is an increase in the force for peace.

中国式现代化将有力促进各国共同发展。中国不追求独善其身，我们愿同各国携手同行。通过进一步扩大高水平开放，主动对接国际高标准经贸规则，营造市场化、法治化、国际化一流营商环境。中国已同多个国家全面互免签证，扩大单方面免签，不断便利中外人员往来。中国大力推动高质量共建“一带一路”，以实际行动支持联合国2030年可持续发展议程。中国加快落实支持“全球南方”合作八项举措以及支持非洲和平发展的一系列重要倡议，助推“全球南方”国家在现代化道路上阔步前行。

Chinese modernization will contribute robustly to the common development for all. China does not only care about its own development. We are ready to develop hand in hand with all countries. By further expanding high-standard opening up, China is aligning proactively with high-standard international economic and trade rules to foster a market-oriented, law-based and world-class business environment. China has realized full mutual visa exemption with many countries, and is expanding its unilateral visa waiver program to facilitate two-way personnel flows. China is vigorously promoting high-quality Belt and Road cooperation, a concrete step to support the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. China will also speed up the implementation of the eight measures in support of Global South cooperation and the series of initiatives supporting Africa’s peace and development, in order to help countries in the Global South stride toward modernization.

中国式现代化将有力促进完善全球治理。中国始终支持联合国不断改革发展，打造“联合国2.0”。国际金融体系需要与时俱进，全球治理应当更为均衡有效。中国将继续履行自身国际义务，对联合国提供财政支持，向联合国输送优秀人才。联合国系统应呼应发展中国家的正当诉求，提升“全球南方”国家的代表性和发言权。

Chinese modernization will contribute robustly to improving global governance. China has been an abiding supporter of the U.N.’s continued reform and development to bring about a modernized “U.N. 2.0.” The international financial system needs to be more fit for the times and global governance should be more balanced and effective. China will continue to fulfill its international obligations, provide financial support and send our best minds to the United Nations. The U.N. system needs to respond to the legitimate calls of developing countries and increase the representation and voice of those in the Global South.

中国式现代化将有力促进人类文明进步。中国式现代化既扎根于中华大地，也借鉴了各国文明成果，开创了人类文明新形态，为各国探索现代化道路提供了新的选择。中国主张不同文明相互尊重，相互借鉴，共同推进人类文明事业。中国推动设立文明对话国际日，倡导加强国际人文交流合作，推动各国人民相知相亲。

Chinese modernization will contribute robustly to the advancement of human civilization. Chinese modernization is rooted in China, but has also drawn on the achievements of other civilizations. It has created a new form of human advancement, and provided a new choice to other countries in exploring modernization paths. China believes that different civilizations should respect and learn from one another, and jointly contribute to the progress of human civilization. China has proposed the setting up of an International Day for Dialogue among Civilizations. We call for more people-to-people exchanges and cooperation across the world, to strengthen mutual understanding and amity among people of all countries.

主席先生，

Mr. President,

2025年是世界反法西斯战争胜利和联合国成立80周年。中国愿同各国一道，重温联合国初心使命，重申对联合国宪章坚定承诺，倡导践行真正的多边主义，推动构建人类命运共同体，携手共建更加美好的世界！

Next year will mark the 80th anniversary of the victory of the World Anti-Fascist War and the founding of this very Organization. China stands ready to work with all countries to renew the founding purposes and mission of the U.N., reaffirm our steadfast commitment to the U.N. Charter, advocate and practice true multilateralism, build a community with a shared future for mankind, and jointly usher in a better world.

谢谢！

Thank you.

英文来源 | 外交部官网

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