双语 | 王毅接受卡塔尔半岛新闻网书面采访
王毅接受卡塔尔半岛新闻网书面采访
Written Interview with Al Jazeera Media Network by Foreign Minister Wang Yi
（图源：外交部网站）
一、王毅外长，您在最近举行的全国人大记者会上着重谈到加沙冲突。中方将可能采取什么措施推动加沙立即停火？
Q1. Foreign Minister Wang Yi, you talked about the conflict in Gaza at your recent press conference held on the margins of the annual session of the National People’s Congress. What measures will China possibly take to promote an immediate ceasefire in Gaza?
答：加沙冲突的延宕形成不应发生的人道灾难，已超出了现代文明的底线。在过去近半年时间里，冲突造成超过十万人伤亡，上百万民众流离失所，国际社会必须紧急行动起来。
Wang Yi: The protracted conflict in Gaza has become a humanitarian catastrophe that should not have happened, which has gone far beyond the bottom line of modern civilization. For nearly six months, the conflict has caused over 100,000 casualties and displaced over one million civilians. The international community must act now.
当务之急，必须尽快推动实现停火止战，这是压倒一切的首要任务。战火多持续一天，人类的良知就多受一分挑战，正义的基石就多遭一分侵蚀。在各方共同努力下，不久前联合国安理会通过了加沙冲突爆发以来的首份停火决议，这份决议具有约束力，应当得到有效执行，立即实现无条件和持久的停火。
First, what is urgent now is to realize ceasefire as early as possible, and this is the overriding priority. Even one more day of delay would mean further violation of human conscience and more erosion of the cornerstone of justice. Thanks to the concerted efforts of all parties, the United Nations Security Council not long ago adopted its first resolution demanding ceasefire since the start of the conflict. The resolution is legally binding, and should be enforced effectively to achieve an unconditional and lasting ceasefire right away.
其次，必须始终确保人道救援畅通无阻，这是刻不容缓的道义责任。从冲突伊始，中方就坚决反对强制迁移巴勒斯坦平民和针对加沙民众的集体惩罚，积极支持尽快建立人道救援机制，并持续向加沙地带提供人道主义援助。下一步，中方将继续同国际社会一道努力，将所有努力汇聚到落实停火决议、保护平民上来，确保人道救援物资快速、安全、无障碍、可持续地送抵加沙民众手中。
Second, unimpeded humanitarian assistance must be ensured at all times, and this is the pressing moral obligation. China has firmly opposed forced transfer of Palestinian civilians and collective punishment against people in Gaza since the beginning of the conflict. We have vigorously supported the early establishment of a humanitarian relief mechanism, and have continuously provided humanitarian assistance to Gaza. Going forward, China will continue to work with the international community to channel all our efforts toward the ceasefire resolution enforcement, civilian protection, and rapid, safe, unhindered and sustainable delivery of humanitarian supplies to people in Gaza.
第三，必须防止冲突负面影响持续外溢，这是避免地区局势失控的现实需要。近期伊朗同以色列矛盾升级是加沙冲突外溢的最新表现。中方呼吁有关方面保持冷静克制，避免紧张局势进一步升级。中方将继续从事情本身的是非曲直出发，积极致力于促进中东地区和平稳定，为局势降温贡献力量。
Third, further spillover of the conflict must be forestalled, and this is the practical necessity for preventing the situation from spinning out of control. The escalation of Iran-Israel hostilities is the latest spillover of the conflict in Gaza. China calls on all related parties to stay calm and exercise restraint to avoid further escalation. With the ongoing sense of justice, China will actively promote peace and stability in the Middle East and help ease the tension.
第四，必须及时纠正巴勒斯坦人民遭受的历史不公，这是解决加沙冲突的治本之策。加沙这场浩劫再次证明，巴勒斯坦人民一直未能实现民族合法权利是巴以问题的根源，也是中东问题的核心。只有真正还巴勒斯坦人民以公道，真正落实“两国方案”、政治解决各方合理安全关切，才能彻底走出巴以冲突的恶性循环，从根子上消除滋生极端思潮和仇恨心理的土壤，实现地区持久和平。
Fourth, historical injustice to the Palestinian people must be redressed timely, and this is the right way to address the root of the conflict in Gaza. The Gaza calamity shows once again that the perpetual denial of the legitimate national rights of the Palestinian people is the root cause of the Palestinian question, and it is also the core issue of the Middle East question. The only way to break the vicious cycle of the Palestinian-Israeli conflict, eliminate the breeding ground of extremism and hatred, and achieve enduring peace in the region is to truly restore justice to the Palestinians, effectively enforce the two-State solution, and bring about political settlement to the legitimate security concerns of all related parties.
中国愿继续同包括中东各国在内的国际社会一道，加强团结合作，坚定支持巴勒斯坦人民恢复民族合法权利的正义事业；坚定支持推动巴勒斯坦各派别通过对话实现内部和解；坚定支持巴勒斯坦尽快成为联合国正式成员国；坚定支持巴勒斯坦人民实现独立建国和“巴人治巴”。我们倡议尽快召开更大规模、更具权威、更有实效的国际和平会议，制定落实“两国方案”的具体时间表和路线图，推动巴勒斯坦问题早日得到全面、公正、持久解决，最终实现巴以两国和平共处、阿拉伯和犹太两个民族和谐共存。
China will continue to strengthen solidarity and cooperation with Middle East countries and the whole international community to firmly support the just cause of the Palestinian people in restoring their legitimate national rights; firmly support internal reconciliation among different factions of Palestine through dialogue; firmly support Palestine’s full membership in the United Nations at an early date; and firmly support establishing the independent State of Palestine and realizing “the Palestinians governing Palestine.” We call for a more broad-based, more authoritative and more effective international peace conference to set a timetable and a roadmap for the two-State solution, to promote comprehensive, just and lasting settlement of the Palestinian question, and to ultimately realize peaceful coexistence between Israel and Palestine as well as harmony between the Arab and Jewish peoples.
二、中国国防部已宣布派遣由数百名官兵组成的舰队为货轮护航。在此背景下，您如何看待红海局势升级？
Q2. The Chinese Ministry of National Defense announced the deployment of several hundred servicemen in an escort fleet for cargo ships. In this connection, how do you see the rising tensions in the Red Sea?
答：红海水域是重要的国际货物和能源运输通道，维护红海和平安宁有利于维护全球产供链畅通和国际贸易秩序，符合地区国家和国际社会共同利益。一段时间以来，红海紧张局势持续升级，对地区国家特别是红海沿岸国家切身利益造成消极影响，推高地区整体安全风险，也拖累了世界经济复苏，中方对此深表关切。
Wang Yi: The Red Sea has vital international shipping lanes for goods and energy going through it. Safeguarding its peace and stability helps keep global supply chains unobstructed and ensures the international trade order. That serves the interests of the region and the wider international community. For quite some time, rising tensions in the Red Sea have affected important interests of regional countries, especially the littoral states. They have also heightened the overall security risk of the region and weighed on the global economic recovery. China is deeply concerned about this.
中方对红海局势的立场十分明确，概括起来有四点：
China’s position on the Red Sea is quite clear, which can be summed up in four points:
一是袭扰过航红海民船的行动应当停止，任何理由都不应成为攻击平民的借口；
First, attacks and harassment on civilian vessels in the Red Sea should stop. There is no excuse at all for attacks on civilians.
二是国际社会应当依法共同维护红海水域航行安全，各方都应为缓和红海紧张局势发挥建设性作用；
Second, the international community should work together in accordance with law to ensure safe passage in the Red Sea. All parties are expected to play a constructive role toward deescalation.
三是红海局势升温的根源是加沙冲突，应尽快在加沙实现停火止战，从源头遏止冲突的外溢扩大；
Third, the root cause of the rising tensions in the Red Sea is the Gaza conflict. There should be an early ceasefire in Gaza so as to stem spillovers at source.
四是包括也门在内的红海沿岸国家主权和领土完整应当得到切实维护。
Fourth, the sovereignty and territorial integrity of Yemen and other Red Sea countries should be upheld in earnest.
红海局势升温以来，中方同各方保持沟通，为缓和红海紧张局势作出积极努力。中方重视地区国家特别是红海沿岸国家的正当诉求，愿同地区国家加强协调，并同国际社会一道努力，为早日恢复红海和平安宁继续发挥建设性作用。
Since the flare-up of the tensions, China has stayed in touch with all parties and strove vigorously for deescalation. We take seriously the legitimate concerns of countries in the region, especially the littoral states of the Red Sea. We stand ready to coordinate more closely with regional countries and work together with the international community to continue with our constructive role in restoring peace and stability in the Red Sea at an early date.
必须说明的是，关于中国海军舰艇编队正在实施的护航行动，与当前红海局势无关。这是经联合国安理会授权，在亚丁湾、索马里海域开展的护航任务。自2008年以来，中国海军先后派出45批护航编队，共计150余艘次舰艇，出色完成了驱离海盗、人道主义救援等任务，为维护有关海域航行安全作出了积极贡献。中方将继续践行全球安全倡议，维护国际海上通道安全，用实际行动为推动构建人类命运共同体作出不懈努力。
It must be noted that the ongoing escort mission by the Chinese navy is not related to the Red Sea situation. It is carried out in the Gulf of Aden and the waters off Somalia as authorized by the U.N. Security Council. Since 2008, the Chinese navy has deployed 45 task groups in that region with a total of over 150 vessel sorties to deter pirates and conduct humanitarian operations. They have been a key part in safeguarding security in those waters. China will continue to act on the Global Security Initiative to protect the safety of international shipping lanes and to promote tirelessly a community with a shared future for mankind.
三、中方多次呼吁召开国际和会，通过谈判解决乌克兰危机。作为俄罗斯首要战略伙伴，中方将在谈判中发挥什么样的斡旋作用？中方是否会向俄方施加压力以结束战争？
Q3. China has called for international peace conferences quite a few times to resolve the Ukraine crisis through negotiations. How will China mediate in these negotiations as the primary strategic partner of Russia? Will China pressure Russia to end the war?
答：在乌克兰危机上，中方的立场是一贯的、明确的、透明的。中国不是冲突的当事方，也不是危机的制造者，但从未袖手旁观。危机全面升级两年多来，中方始终为停火而奔走，为止战而努力。习近平主席亲自同包括俄、乌在内各国领导人深入沟通，强调和谈是唯一可行出路，希望各方通过对话共同为危机的政治解决积累条件。中方还专门发布立场文件，多次派出特使赴有关国家穿梭斡旋，传递信息、澄清立场，推动各方求同存异、凝聚共识。
Wang Yi: China’s position on the Ukraine crisis is consistent, unequivocal and transparent. China is not a direct party to the conflict, and it did not start the crisis. Yet China is not an indifferent onlooker. In the two-plus years since the full escalation of the crisis, China has made tireless efforts to promote ceasefire and end the fighting. President Xi Jinping had in-depth talks with leaders of Russia, Ukraine and other countries. He stressed that peaceful negotiation is the only viable way out, and expressed China’s hope for all parties to build conditions for political settlement of the crisis through dialogue. In addition, China has released a position paper particularly on the Ukraine crisis, and its Special Representative has made many visits to relevant countries to conduct good offices, pass on messages, clarify positions, and urge all sides to seek common ground, put aside differences and build consensus.
当前，这场危机依然存在进一步恶化升级的危险，国际社会应加强团结，为实现和平汇聚合力，以实际行动为冲突降温。
At present, the danger of further deterioration and escalation of the crisis still exists. The international community must strengthen solidarity, pool all the efforts for peace, and take real actions to lower the temperature.
我们要始终坚持政治解决。任何冲突和战争都不是在战场上结束的，而是终结在谈判桌上。中方支持适时召开俄乌双方认可、各方平等参与、公平讨论所有和平方案的国际会议，尽早实现停火止战。
It is imperative to remain committed to political settlement. Conflicts and wars do not end on the battlefield but at the table. China supports an international conference held at a proper time that is recognized by both Russia and Ukraine and that ensures equal participation of all parties as well as fair discussions of all peace plans so as to achieve early ceasefire and end the fighting.
我们要始终坚持客观公正。化解危机没有灵丹妙药，需要各方从自身做起，通过积累互信创造止战和谈条件。要坚决反对趁乱渔利、火上浇油，更不能打一派拉一派，搞阵营对抗。
It is imperative to uphold objectivity and impartiality. There is no panacea to defusing crises. All sides should play their due part, and build up mutual trust to create conditions for ending hostility and starting peace talks. Any attempt to exploit the chaos for selfish gains or add fuel to the flames must be firmly rejected. More important, no one should form factions or provoke bloc confrontation.
我们要始终坚持标本兼治。要从根子上解决，需要对安全问题进行更深入思考。一味追求独享安全、绝对安全，肆意挤压别国安全空间，必然导致地区失衡、引发冲突。
It is imperative to address both symptoms and root causes. To uproot the crisis, we must dive deeper into the question of security. Pursuing unilateral or absolute security by willfully compressing the security space of others will inevitably tip the balance of power in the region and give rise to conflicts.
中方愿同国际社会一道，秉持各国安全不可分割理念，倡导共同、综合、合作、可持续的安全观，照顾各方合理安全关切，支持构建均衡、有效、可持续的地区安全架构，共同为推动危机政治解决发挥建设性作用，为维护地区长治久安、实现世界持久和平做出更多贡献。
China will, together with the international community, uphold the principle of indivisible security, champion the vision of common, comprehensive, cooperative and sustainable security, accommodate legitimate security concerns of all sides, and support a balanced, effective and sustainable regional security architecture. We will work with all parties constructively to promote political settlement of the crisis, and contribute more to regional tranquility and security and enduring world peace.
四、关于台湾问题。我们注意到外界关注中国政府是否会对中国台湾地区采取军事行动。在当前中国台湾地区和美国关系密切、美国不断向中国台湾地区售武的背景下，您如何评估台海局势？
Q4. On Taiwan. We have noted that eyes are on the Chinese government to see if it will take military action on China’s Taiwan region. Given Taiwan’s close ties with the United States and U.S. continued arms sales, how do you see the situation across the Taiwan Strait?
答：台湾自古是中国不可分割的一部分。1943年中美英三国政府联合发表的《开罗宣言》，明确规定将日本窃取的台湾归还中国。1945年旨在结束二战的《波茨坦公告》第八条规定，“《开罗宣言》条款必将实施”。联合国第2758号决议也再次明确一个中国原则。这一系列具有国际法律效力的文件构成了战后国际秩序的组成部分，巩固了台湾是中国不可分割领土的历史与法理根基。因此，台湾问题完全是中国内政，以何种方式实现祖国统一是两岸中国人自己的事。我们将尽最大努力、以最大诚意争取和平统一。同时，我们的底线也是清楚的，就是绝不允许任何人以任何方式把台湾从中国分裂出去。
Wang Yi: Taiwan has been an inseparable part of China since ancient times. The Cairo Declaration jointly issued by the governments of China, the United States and the United Kingdom in 1943 clearly stated that Taiwan, which Japan had stolen from the Chinese, shall be restored to China. The Potsdam Declaration of 1945 to end World War II reiterated in Article 8 that “the terms of the Cairo Declaration shall be carried out.” U.N. General Assembly Resolution 2758 was another unequivocal recognition of the one-China principle. These legally-binding international instruments are constituents of the postwar international order. They have further consolidated the historical and legal basis of Taiwan being an inalienable part of Chinese territory. Therefore, the Taiwan question is entirely China’s internal affair, and how to achieve national reunification is a matter for the Chinese people on the two sides of the Taiwan Strait. We will strive for peaceful reunification with the utmost effort and greatest sincerity. In the meantime, our bottom line is also clear: we will absolutely not allow anyone to separate Taiwan from China in any way.
当前，台海局势总体平稳，但也面临严峻挑战。其中，最大的挑战来自“台独”势力分裂活动和外部势力干扰破坏。“台独”势力是台海稳定的麻烦制造者、最大破坏者。要想维护台海和平，就必须坚决反对“台独”。一些国家口口声声呼吁维护台海和平稳定，私底下却加紧给“台独”分裂分子运送武器装备，这种行径只会推高冲突对抗风险，严重威胁台海以及地区和平稳定。对于外部势力干扰破坏，中国不会听之任之。任何人都不要低估中国人民捍卫国家主权和领土完整的坚强决心、坚定意志、强大能力。
At present, the cross-Strait situation is stable on the whole. But it faces serious challenges as well. The biggest challenge comes from “Taiwan independence” separatist activities and external disruptions. The “Taiwan independence” elements are the troublemakers, and do the biggest harm to cross-Strait stability. Maintaining peace across the Strait inherently means resolutely opposing “Taiwan independence.” Yet some countries are giving “Taiwan independence” separatist elements more and more weapons behind the scenes, in stark contrast to their calls for peace and stability of the Strait. These moves will only increase the risk of conflict and confrontation, and seriously undermine peace and stability in the Strait and the region as a whole. China will not sit on its hands with external disruptions. No one should underestimate the firm resolve, strong will and great capability of the Chinese people to defend our sovereignty and territorial integrity.
习近平主席强调，实现祖国完全统一是民心所向、时代潮流、历史必然，是任何势力都阻挡不了的。中国终将实现完全统一，台湾必将回归祖国怀抱。我们也坚信，包括中东国家在内的国际社会将继续坚持一个中国原则，支持中国人民反对“台独”分裂活动、争取国家统一的正义事业。
As President Xi Jinping has stressed, complete reunification of our motherland is the shared aspiration of the people, the trend of the times and a historical inevitability, and no force can stop it. China will ultimately achieve complete reunification, and Taiwan is bound to return to the embrace of the motherland. We also firmly believe that Middle East countries and the international community will stay committed to the one-China principle and support the Chinese people’s just cause of opposing “Taiwan independence” separatist activities and striving for national reunification.
五、关于美国大选及中美关系，请问中国如何看待美国大选，如何展望中美关系前景？
Q5. On U.S. election and China-U.S. relations. How does China see the election and the prospects of China-U.S. relations?
答：中美关系关乎两国人民福祉，关乎人类和世界前途。去年11月，习近平主席应邀同拜登总统在旧金山成功会晤，达成面向未来的“旧金山愿景”。中方改善中美关系的态度是真诚的，一个可预期、可持续、健康稳定的中美关系是两国人民之福，是世界人民之幸。
Wang Yi: The China-U.S. relationship bears on the well-being of the Chinese and American peoples and the future of humanity and the world. Last November, President Xi Jinping had a successful meeting with President Joe Biden in San Francisco upon invitation, and the two presidents agreed on a future-oriented San Francisco vision. China is sincere in improving its relations with the United States. A predictable, sustainable, healthy and stable China-U.S. relationship serves the interests of both the Chinese and American peoples as well as the whole world.
同时，我们看到，美方的对华错误认知仍在延续，遏华错误政策仍在推进。近来，美方继续拉拢所谓盟友，不断挑唆煽动地区海上局势，加速编织对华遏制体系，持续升级单边制裁，大搞对华科技封锁。美方不能总是用冷战视角、零和思维看待这个世界，不能总是说一套、做一套。各国人民的眼睛是雪亮的，中东人民更加清楚，谁站在历史和道义的正确一边一目了然。中国带给这个世界的是合作、是发展、是稳定、是共赢。中国的发展振兴有着巨大内生动力和必然历史逻辑，任何势力都无法阻挡。
Meanwhile, the United States still sticks to its misperception of China, and presses ahead with its misguided policy to contain China. It has recently continued to woo its so-called allies in an attempt to provoke tensions at sea in the region and build networks to contain China at a faster pace. It has kept ratcheting up its unilateral sanctions, and gone all out to constrain China’s development of science and technology. The United States should not view the world through the lens of Cold War and zero-sum mentality, and it should not say one thing but do another. The people of the world have clear eyes, and even more so for the Middle East people that can see easily who is on the right side of history and justice. What China brings to the world is cooperation, growth, stability and win-win. China’s development and rejuvenation enjoys strong internal impetus and conforms with the trend of history. It will not be stopped by any force.
美国大选是美国内政，中方从来没有也不会干涉别国内政，这不是中方的行为方式。不管谁当选下一届美国总统，中美两国人民还是要交流合作，中美两个大国必须找到正确的相处之道。习近平主席提出相互尊重、和平共处、合作共赢三原则，这是我们看待和处理中美关系的基本遵循和努力方向。前不久，习近平主席应约同拜登总统通电话，再次指出中美这样两个大国，不能不来往、不打交道，更不能冲突对抗，应该坚持以和为贵、以稳为重、以信为本。
The U.S. election is an internal affair of the United States. China never interferes in the internal affairs of other countries. Meddling with others is just not the Chinese way. Whoever is elected, Chinese and American peoples will still need to have exchanges and cooperation, and the two major countries must find the right way to get along with each other. The three principles – mutual respect, peaceful coexistence, and win-win cooperation – put forward by President Xi Jinping are our fundamental guidance and goal when viewing and handling China-U.S. relations. During his recent phone call with President Biden, President Xi pointed out once again that two big countries like China and the United States should not cut off exchanges or turn their back on each other, still less slide into conflict or confrontation. They should instead cherish peace, value stability, and uphold credibility.
中美关系回不到过去，但应该也完全能够有一个好的未来。中方愿与美方一道，多做合作共赢的好事，多办惠及世界的大事，切实承担各自应尽的国际责任。
The China-U.S. relationship cannot go back to its past. But it should, and can fully, have a bright future. China is ready to work with the United States to carry out more win-win cooperation, do more that benefits the whole world, and truly fulfill their respective responsibilities to the international community.
